Penulisan Referensi berdasarkan "APA"

Menulis adalah sebuah kegiatan yang cukup saya gemari. Menulis segala hal, baik tentang hal yang real terjadi pada diri ataupun yang berupa cerita fiksi saja. Dalam hal menulis, terutama disini adalah penulisan karya ilmiah. Penulisan karya ilmiah tentunya harus menuruti kaidah yang baik. Banyak acuan untuk menulis referensi. Tipe apapun yang diambil, hal yang sangat penting adalah kekonsistenan dalam penulisan. Alangkah sangat baiknya jika penulisan referensi konsisten dan sesuai dengan acuan yang diambil. Saya mencoba memberikan sedikit contoh penulisan referensi berdasarkan “APA (American Psyloghical Association)” Style. Berikut ini saya sertakan contoh dan cara penulisan daftar pustaka mengacu pada APA References.

  1.      Book

Author(s) of  book-family name and initials, use&for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of book-italicised. Place of publication: Publisher.

Reference type	In-text Examples	Reference list Examples
Book	…(Kuntasto dan Saputro, 2008)	Kuntasto, & Saputro, T.D. (2008). Membangun Server Internet dengan Mikrotik OS. Yogyakarta : Gavamedia.
Edited book	(Friedman & Wachs, 1999) (Everson, 1991)	Friedman, S. L., & Wachs, T. D. (Eds.). (1999). Measuring environment across the life span: Emerging methods and concepts. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Everson, S. (Ed.). (1991). Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Translation of a book	(Ylinen, 2008)	Ylinen, J. (2008). Stretching therapy : for sport and manual therapies (J. Nurmenniemi, Trans.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Electronic book	(Doherty, Anderson & Maggiora, 2008)	Doherty, J. Anderson, N, & Maggiora, P.D.  (2008). Cisco Networking Simplified Second Edition. Availble from www.cisco.com

2.      Journal

Author(s) of journal article – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of journal article. Journal name – italicised, Volume – italicised( Issue or number), Page number(s).

Reference type	In-text Examples	Reference list Examples
Journal article two to six autors	(Patrikakis, Masikos, & Zouraraki, 2004).	Patrikakis, C, Masikos, M, & Zouraraki, O. (2004). The Internet Protocol Journal. Denial Of Service Attacks.7(4), 13-35.
Journal article – more than six authors	(Galea et al., 2008) Use only first author last name then et al., including for first time citation used.	Galea, L.A., Uban, K. A., Epp, J.R., Brummelte, S., Barha, C.K., Wilson, W. L. et al. (2008). Endocrine regulation of cognition and neuroplasticity: Our pursuit to unveil the complex interaction between hormones, the brain, and behaviour. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, 62, 247-260. List the first six authors then use et al.

3.      Conference paper

Author(s) of paper – family name and initials, use & for multiple authors. (Year of publication). Title of paper. Title of published proceeding – italicised. Place of Publication: Publisher.

Reference type	In-text Examples	Reference list Examples
Conference paper unpublished	(Abbas, 2007)	Abbas, s (2007, Mei-Agustus). Seminar “Tema”, Banda Aceh, Waktu, Imparsial dan AJMI: Diyat dalam perspektif Islam. paper presented at Imparsial dan Aceh Judicial Monitoring Independent (AJMI) Seminar and seminar of the Universitas Malikussaleh, Pusat Studi HAM Universitas Syiah Kuala.
Conference paper unpublished	(Arif, 2003)	Arif, I. (2003, Oktober). Membangun Jaringan Perpustakaan Digital dan Otomasi Perpustakaan menuju Masyarakat Berbasis Pengetahuan: Konsep dan Perencanaan dalam Automasi Perpustakaan. Paper presented at "Seminar dan Workshop Sehari UMM"
Published conference paper	(Bohrer, Zielke &Freiburg, 1995)	Bohrer, S., Zielke, T., & Freiburg, V. (1995). Integrated obstacle detection framework for intelligent cruise control on motorways. Paper presented at IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium. Detroit, MI: Piscataway.

4.      Webpages

Author(s) of page – person or organisation, use & for multiple authors. (Year page created or revised). Title of page – italicised. Retrieved month day, year of retrieval, from web address.

Reference type	In-text Examples	Reference list Examples
Web page – no author	….(Denial Of Service Attack, 2011).	Denial Of Service Attack.  (2011). Retrieved October 5, 2011 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack
Post Blog	...(Mufli, 2011)	Mufli, (2011, 6 Oktober), Blog Bisnis Internet Gratis Sering bikin pusing. Retrieved October 5, 2011. Message posted to http://internetmarketingmu.com/

Sekian contoh yang saya paparkan. Mudah-mudahan memberikan sedikit referensi dan pengetahuan mengenai penulisan referensi yang baik. :)